Kodi Frac Plugs Imagwira Ntchito Motani?

Pulagi yophatikizika yachikhalidwe imakhala ndi mandrel, slip/cone, chinthu, ndi slip/cone yapansi. The mandrel adzapereka dongosolo pulagi kuti zigawo zina "kukwera" pa ndipo mwina mbiri machined mu izo kapena mbali zina Ufumuyo kukakamiza zigawo zikuluzikulu pa kuthamanga mu, khazikitsa, ndi frac. Zotsalirazo zimapangidwira kuti zigwirizane ndi cone kotero kuti zikakakamizika pamodzi zotsalira zimasunthira kunja kuti zikhudze casing. Zotsalirazo zidzakhala ndi m'mphepete mwazitsulo zomwe zimapangidwira kuti "ziluma" mu casing, kuzitsekera m'malo mwake. Zotsalirazo zidzakhala mphete yathunthu kapena magawo omwe amagwirizanitsidwa pamodzi ndi gulu lamtundu wina. Mulimonsemo, adapangidwa kuti azikhala limodzi mpaka momwe makonzedwewo atawalekanitsa kuwalola kusuntha kondomu ndikuyika mubokosi.
Kwa pulagi ya frac, yopangidwa kuti ingogwira kukakamiza kuchokera pamwamba, chotsitsa cham'munsi chidzapangidwa kuti chigwire mphamvu zonse za frac ndipo chokwera chapamwamba chidzapangidwa kuti chisunge pulagi, makamaka chinthucho, choponderezedwa pambuyo pokhazikitsa. Chidacho chimapangidwa kuti chizipanikiza pansi pa mphamvu yokhazikitsa kuti ipange chisindikizo pakati pa ID ya khoma la casing ndi mandrel. Chisindikizochi chidzapereka kudzipatula kofunikira kuti mulekanitse chitsimecho m'magawo awiri kuti gawo lomwe lili pamwambapa lizitha kuthandizidwa mosamala. Pa pulagi yoponya mpira, mpira umatsitsidwa kuchokera pamwamba kupita kumtunda pa mandrel ndikumaliza kudzipatula.

Chiyeso choyamba cha momwe pulagi yophatikizidwira imagwirira ntchito imabwera pakugwira ntchito kwapampu pansi. Pakutsatizanaku pulagi yophatikizika imapangidwa kukhala gulu la waya pansi pa dzenje (BHA) lomwe limaphatikizapo pulagi, chida choyikira, ndi mfuti zoboola. BHA iyi imatsitsidwa mpaka pamalo oyambira pachitsime chopingasa ndipo mapampu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyiyika pamalo omwe akufuna. Panthawi ya opaleshoniyi ndikofunika kuti zigawozo zikhale zogwirizana. Ma slips ayenera kukhala limodzi, apo ayi angalumikizane ndi casing panthawi yotumiza, kukweza nsonga yawo, ndikupanga chochitika chokhazikitsidwa.
Chinthucho chiyenera kukhalabe m'malo mwake kuti zisawonongeke zomwezo. Ndi zinthu za rabara, izi zingakhale zovuta. Pulagi wamba wa 5.5 ", mwachitsanzo, ali ndi OD ya 4-3 / 8" ndipo casing ili ndi ID ya 4.778" yomwe imasiya kusiyana kochepa pakati pa pulagi ndi casing (basi .2" mbali iliyonse). Malingana ndi momwe pulagi ikusunthira mofulumira komanso kuthamanga kwa madzi opopera, pangakhale zodutsa zambiri kuzungulira pulagiyi. Pamene kudutsa uku kukukulirakulira kumapangitsa kuti pakhale malo ocheperako mozungulira pulagi yomwe ingapangitse kuti chinthucho chifufume ndikulumikizana ndi casing. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi komwe kumadutsa pulagi panthawi yotumiza ndipo ambiri opereka chithandizo adzapereka malangizo amomwe pulagiyo iyenera kuyenda mwachangu pamitengo yosiyana.

Kuyika kwa pulagi kumachitika ndi chida chophulika. Tsatanetsatane wa momwe mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu yokhazikitsira zida imagwirira ntchito ingapezeke m'nkhani zam'mbuyomu apa ndi apa. Pulagi mandrel udzachitikira malo amodzi ndi zigawo adzakakamizika pamodzi kukhazikitsa chida. Nthawi zambiri chinthucho chimakanikizira, ndiye zotsalira zimasweka, ndikukweza ma cones mpaka atakakamizika kulowa m'bokosi ndikutsekeredwa m'malo mwake. Ma slips akakhazikitsidwa, mphamvu yopangidwa ndi chida choyikirayo idzapitilira mphamvu yakumeta ubweya wa plug shear media ndipo chida chokhazikitsa chidzameta plug ndikuchisiya chodziyimira pachitsime. Pambuyo pokhazikitsa, gawo la mandrel lidzawululidwa pamwamba pa zigawo zatsopano zoponderezedwa. Kutalika kwa mandrel owululidwa kudzakhala kofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa kompositi pamwamba pa slip kumtunda komwe kumasonkhanitsidwa, kuphatikiza kutalika kwa sitiroko kumafunika kukhazikitsa chida.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga mapulagi a kompositi ndi sitiroko yofunika kukhazikitsa chida. Kutalika uku kumayendetsedwa ndi sitiroko yoperekedwa ndi Baker Setting Tool, yomwe ndi 5.875 "kwa E4-10 ndi 8.625" ya E4-20. Ngati chidacho chimafuna sitiroko yochulukirapo kuposa iyi, chida chokhazikitsira sichingametezepo pulagi.
Kuchita kwa slip kumtunda, ndi kasinthidwe uku, ndikofunikira mutangokhazikitsa. Kutsetsereka kumtunda kuyenera kuluma mu casing kuti kutsekereza kukakamira mu element ndikusunga chisindikizo. Ngati kutsetsereka kumtunda sikugwira monga momwe adapangidwira, chinthucho chizitha kumasuka ndipo mudzataya chisindikizo chanu. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti chinthucho chimagwira ntchito kuti chikhale chokhazikika. Ngati chinthucho sichinapangitse mphamvu yotsutsa pa cone yapamwamba, sichingasunge chithandizo pansi pa slip yomwe ikufunika kuti ikhale yogwirizana ndi casing. Popanda "kukakamiza kumbuyo" kuchokera ku chinthu choponderezedwa, kutsetsereka kumtunda sikungagwire ntchito yake.

Pambuyo pokhazikitsa, waya BHA adzakhala ntchito perforate casing pamwamba pulagi ndiyeno kuchotsedwa chitsime. Zida zapamtunda za frac zidzasinthidwa. Kwa pulagi yoponya mpira, zambiri zomwe zimayendetsedwa, mpira umachotsedwa pamwamba. Ikafika ku mbali yopingasa ya chitsime imaponyedwa pansi kuti ifike pa pulagi, ndikuyika chitsimecho m'magawo awiri. Mpirawo ukafika ndipo frac ikuyamba, kukakamiza kumakakamiza mandrel kutsika mpaka italumikizana ndi pamwamba pa slip kumtunda. Chisindikizocho chiyenera kusungidwa pamene chikudutsa mu element.
Izi zimabweretsa kutalika kwa mandrel pansi pa pulagi yofanana ndi sitiroko kuphatikiza pansi pa pulagi. Izi sizimakhudza makonda kapena magawo a frac pamachitidwe a pulagi koma zimatha kukhudza mphero.
Pakukondoweza pali kupanikizika kwakukulu komwe kumaperekedwa pamwamba pa pulagi, ndi kutsika kwapansi pansi pa pulagi. Kusiyanaku kwapanikiziku kumayang'anira momwe pulagi iyenera kupangidwira kuti ipirire mphamvu zomwe zaperekedwa. Monga mukuonera pansipa, kukakamizidwa kwa frac kumaperekedwa pa mpira, ndi mandrel pamwamba pa chinthucho. Pansi pa mpira ndi chinthucho pali kukakamiza kochokera m'madzi. Izi zimabweretsa kugwa kwamphamvu komwe kumaperekedwa pa mandrel pamwamba pa chisindikizo. Pa chisindikizo mandrel ayenera kupirira kugwa kuthamanga ndi psinjika wa chinthu.
The m'munsi kuzembera ndi chulucho ayenera kupirira mawotchi mphamvu kwaiye pa chinthu ndi pulagi kuchokera kusiyana mavuto. Wopereka pulagi ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito makulidwe azinthu ndi mphamvu kuti akwaniritse pulagi yomwe imatha kuchita pansi pazimenezi. Childs, kulephera chikhalidwe frac pulagi amayamba chifukwa cha kugwa kwa m'munsi chulucho / mandrel kuchititsa zoterera m'munsi kutaya kuluma. Kuchita kwa chida kumadalira mphamvu ya kompositi.
Chodetsa nkhawa china kwa opanga ndi momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito panthawi yamphamvu komanso kutentha. Chigawo cha mphira chimatha kusintha ndipo chimatha kusinthasintha kwambiri pakatentha kwambiri. Pamene kuthamanga kwakukulu kumawonjezeredwa kusakaniza kungapangitse kuti chinthu cha rabara chikuyenda molunjika. Mapulagi ambiri amsika pamsika amaphatikizanso chinthu chosungira zinthu chomwe chimapangidwa kuti chiwonjezeke ndi chinthucho pomwe chimayikidwa ndikupereka mawonekedwe kuti chinthucho chizikhala m'malo mwake panthawi yapakatikati ya frac.
Ngati muli ndi chidwi ndi Vigor Completion Tool Frac Plug Series kapena zida zina zobowola ndikumaliza pamakampani amafuta ndi gasi, chonde musazengereze kulumikizana nafe kuti mupeze chithandizo chabwino kwambiri chamankhwala ndi chithandizo chaukadaulo.