Mitundu ya Chida cha Gyro Survey Muzitsime za Mafuta ndi Gasi

Gyro wamba

Gyro wamba kapena gyro yaulere yakhalapo kuyambira 1930s. Imapeza azimuth ya chitsime kuchokera ku gyro yozungulira. Zimangotsimikizira kumene chitsimecho chimachokera ndipo sichidziwa momwe angayendere. Nthawi zambiri, mbali yolowera imapezeka ndi ma accelerometers. Gyro yopangidwa ndi filimu, yojambulidwa imodzi imagwiritsa ntchito pendulum yoyimitsidwa pamwamba pa khadi la kampasi (yophatikizidwa ndi gimbal axis yakunja) kuti itenge malingaliro. Gyro wamba imakhala ndi misa yozungulira nthawi zambiri imatembenuka pa 20,000 mpaka 40,000 rpm (ena amatembenuka mwachangu kwambiri). Gyro idzakhalabe yosasunthika ngati palibe mphamvu zakunja zomwe zimagwira ntchito ndipo misa imathandizidwa pamalo ake enieni a mphamvu yokoka. Tsoka ilo, sikutheka kusunga misa pamalo ake enieni a mphamvu yokoka, ndipo mphamvu zakunja zimagwira ntchito pa gyro. Chifukwa chake, gyro idzayenda ndi nthawi.

Mwachidziwitso, ngati gyro iyamba kupota ndikulozera mbali ina, siyenera kusintha kwambiri pakapita nthawi. Choncho, imayendetsedwa mu dzenje, ndipo ngakhale kuti mlanduwo ukutembenuka, gyro ndi yaufulu kusuntha, ndipo imakhala ikulozera mbali imodzi. Popeza momwe gyro ikulozera imadziwika, mayendedwe a chitsime amatha kutsimikiziridwa ndi kusiyana pakati pa kayendetsedwe ka gyro ndi momwe mlandu womwe uli ndi gyro. Mayendedwe a spin axis ayenera kudziwidwa gyro isanayendetsedwe mu dzenje. Izi zimatchedwa referencing the gyro. Ngati gyro sanatchulidwe molondola, kafukufuku wonse watsekedwa, choncho chidacho chiyenera kutchulidwa moyenerera chisanayendetsedwe mu dzenje la zitsime za mafuta ndi gasi.

Zoipa

Kuipa kwina kwa gyro wamba ndikuti imasuntha ndi nthawi, kuchititsa zolakwika mu azimuth yoyezedwa. Gyro idzagwedezeka chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa dongosolo, kuvala, ndi kuzungulira kwa dziko lapansi. Gyro imathanso kugwedezeka chifukwa cha zolakwika mu gyro. Zowonongeka zimatha kukula panthawi yopanga kapena kupanga ma gyro, popeza malo enieni a misa sali pakatikati pa spin axis. Kuthamanga kumakhala kochepa paEquator ya dziko lapansi ndi kumtunda pazitali zazitali pafupi ndi mitengo. Nthawi zambiri, ma gyros wamba sagwiritsidwa ntchito pa latitudes kapena zotengera pamwamba pa 70 °. Mlingo wamba wa gyro wamba ndi 0.5 ° pamphindi. Kuyenda komwe kumawonekera chifukwa cha kuzungulira kwa dziko lapansi kumakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yapadera ku mphete yamkati ya gimbal. Mphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito imadalira kutalika komwe gyro idzagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Chifukwa chazifukwa izi, ma gyros onse ochiritsira amatha kutengeka ndi kuchuluka kwake. Kuyenda kumawunikidwa nthawi iliyonse yomwe gyro yachikhalidwe ikuyendetsedwa, ndipo kafukufukuwo amasinthidwa kuti azitha kuyendamo. Ngati chiwongolerocho kapena kusokonekera sikulipidwa mokwanira, zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa pa kafukufukuyo zidzakhala zolakwika.

Mulingo Wophatikiza Kapena Wofunafuna Kumpoto

Mlingo kapena gyro wofunafuna kumpoto adapangidwa kuti aletse zolakwika za gyro wamba. Mtengo wa gyro ndi gyro wofunafuna kumpoto ndi zinthu zomwezo. Ndi gyro yokhala ndi digiri imodzi yokha ya ufulu. Mlingo wophatikizira gyro umagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa kumpoto kwenikweni. Gyro imathetsa vector ya Dziko lapansi kukhala yopingasa komanso yoyima. Chigawo chopingasa nthawi zonse chimaloza kumpoto kwenikweni. Kufunika kutchula gyro kumathetsedwa, zomwe zimawonjezera kulondola. Utali wa chitsime uyenera kudziwika chifukwa mayendedwe a Dziko Lapansi adzakhala osiyana monga latitude imasiyanasiyana.

Pokonzekera, mlingo wa gyro umayesa kuzungulira kwa Dziko lapansi kuti athetse kusuntha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuzungulira kwa dziko. Chojambulachi chimapangitsa kuti chisatulutse zolakwika poyerekeza ndi gyro wamba. Mosiyana ndi gyro yachikhalidwe, kuchuluka kwa gyro sikufuna malo oti muwone, potero kuchotsa gwero limodzi lolakwika. Mphamvu zomwe zimagwira pa gyro zimayesedwa ndi izo, pamene mphamvu yokoka imayesedwa ndi accelerometers. Kuwerengera kophatikizana kwa ma accelerometers ndi gyro kumalola kuwerengera komwe kumayendera ndi azimuth pachitsime.

A rate gyro idzayesa kuthamanga kwa angular kupyolera mu kusamuka kwa angular. Mlingo wophatikizira gyro umawerengera chophatikizika cha liwiro la angular (kusuntha kwa angular) kudzera pakusuntha kwa angular.

Mitundu yatsopano ya gyro imatha kufufuzidwa mukuyenda, koma zoperewera zilipo. Sayenera kukhala ayi kuti akawuzidwe. Nthawi yonse yowunikira ikhoza kuchepetsedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa chidacho kukhala chokwera mtengo.

Ring Laser Gyro

Ring laser gyro (RLG) amagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wina wa gyro kuti adziwe komwe chitsime chimachokera. Sensa imakhala ndi ma ring laser gyros atatu ndi ma accelerometers atatu a inertial-grade okwera kuti ayeze nkhwangwa za X, Y, ndi Z. Ndizolondola kuposa mtengo kapena gyro yofunafuna kumpoto. Chida chofufuzira sichiyenera kuyimitsidwa kuti mufufuze, chifukwa chake kafukufuku amakhala wachangu. Komabe, kunja kwake kwa mphete ya laser gyro ndi mainchesi 5 1/4, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti gyro imatha kuthamanga mu 7 ″ ndi casing yayikulu (onani zathu.casing designwotsogolera). Sizingayendetsedwe ndi akubowola chingwe, pamene mtengo kapena gyro yofunafuna kumpoto imatha kuthamangitsidwa kudzera pa chingwe chobowola kapena zingwe zazing'ono za machubu.

Zigawo

Mu mawonekedwe ake osavuta, mphete ya laser gyro imakhala ndi galasi lamakona atatu omwe amabowoleredwa ndi magalasi atatu a helium-neon laser okhala ndi magalasi pamadigiri 120 - m'makona3. Miyendo ya laser yozungulira - imodzi motsata wotchi ndipo ina yotsatizana ndi wotchi imapezeka mu resonator iyi. Nthawi zina, photosensor imayang'anira matabwa omwe amadutsana. Adzasokonezana mwamakhalidwe kapena mowononga, malinga ndi gawo lenileni la mtengo uliwonse.

Ngati RLG ili yoyima (yosazungulira) pokhudzana ndi nsonga yake yapakati, gawo logwirizana la matabwa awiriwo limakhala lokhazikika, ndipo chowunikiracho chimakhala chofanana. Ngati RLG imazunguliridwa pakatikati pa axis yake, mawotchi ozungulira ndi mawotchi amakumana ndi kusintha kwa Doppler; imodzi idzawonjezeka pafupipafupi, ndipo ina idzacheperachepera. Chowunikiracho chidzazindikira kusiyanasiyana kwanthawi yayitali komwe kumangodziwikiratu komanso kuthamanga kwake kungadziwike. Izi zimatchedwa kutiSagnac zotsatira.

Chomwe chikuyezedwa ndi kuphatikizika kwa liwiro la angular kapena ngodya yotembenuzika kuyambira pomwe kuwerengera kudayamba. Kuthamanga kwa angular kudzakhala kochokera ku ma frequency a beats. Chowunikira chapawiri (quadrature) chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupeza njira yozungulira.

Inertial Grade Gyro

Chida cholondola kwambiri chowunikira pamafuta ndi gasi ndi inertia grade gyro, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa chida cha Ferranti. Ndi njira yonse yoyendera monga momwe amatengera luso lazamlengalenga. Chifukwa cha kulondola kwambiri kwa gyro iyi, zida zambiri zowunikira zimafaniziridwa ndi iyo kuti zitsimikizire kulondola kwake. Chipangizocho chimagwiritsa ntchito ma gyros atatu ndi ma accelerometer atatu okwera papulatifomu yokhazikika.

Dongosolo limayesa kusintha komwe kumayendera nsanja (zida za nsanja) ndi mtunda umene umayenda. Sikuti amangoyeza mmene chitsimecho chilili komanso mmene chitsimecho chilili, chimatsimikiziranso kuya kwake. Sigwiritsa ntchito kuya kwa waya. Komabe, ili ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri la 10⅝ inchi OD. Zotsatira zake, zitha kuyendetsedwa mumiyeso ya 13 3/8 ″ ndi yokulirapo.

Gyroscope inclinometer yochokera ku Vigor imayesedwa mu mawonekedwe osavuta komanso osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo kasitomala amangofunika kuyiyika ndikuyisintha molingana ndi kanema wa Vigor atalandira katunduyo. Ngati mukufuna thandizo lathu, dipatimenti yogulitsa malonda a Vigor idzayankhanso maola a 24 kuti ikuthandizeni kuthana ndi vutoli mwamsanga, ngati mukufuna chidwi cha Vigor's gyroscope inclinometer, chonde musazengereze kuyanjana ndi gulu la injiniya la Vigor kuti mupindule kwambiri. umisiri waukadaulo komanso ntchito yabwino kwambiri yopanda nkhawa.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri, mukhoza kulemba makalata athuinfo@vigorpetroleum.com&marketing@vigordrilling.com